Court of Justice of the European Union
The Court of Justice of the European Union is the institution of the European Union (EU) which encompasses the whole judiciary. Seated in Luxembourg, it has three sub-courts; the European Court of Justice, the General Court and the Civil Service Tribunal.
The institution was originally established in 1952 as the Court of Justice of the European Coal and Steel Communities (as of 1958 the Court of Justice of the European Communities). With the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon in 2009, the court changed to its current name and comprises formally of the Court of Justice along its two subordinate chambers: the General Court (formerly the Court of First Instance) and the Civil Service Tribunal.
Its mission is to ensure that "the law is observed" "in the interpretation and application" of the Treaties. The Court reviews the legality of the acts of the institutions of the European Union; ensures that the Member States comply with obligations under the Treaties; and interprets European Union law at the request of the national courts and tribunals.
The Court constitutes the judicial authority of the European Union and, in cooperation with the courts and tribunals of the Member States, it ensures the uniform application and interpretation of European Union law.
The Court of Justice of the European Union consists of three courts:
- The European Court of Justice (created in 1952; formally the Court of Justice)
- The General Court (created in 1988; formerly the Court of First Instance)
- The Civil Service Tribunal (created in 2004)
Since their establishment, approximately 15,000 judgements have been delivered by the three courts.
External links
 Court of Justice of the European Union |
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Rulings and case law (preliminary ruling) |
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Allonby v Accrington and Rossendale College · Apostolides v Orams · Bosman ruling · Cassis de Dijon · Chacon Navas v Eurest Colectividades SA · Chen case · Ciaran Tobin extradition case · Coleman v Attridge Law · Costa v ENEL · European Union Microsoft competition case · Factortame litigation · Francovich principle · Kamer van Koophandel en Fabrieken voor Amsterdam v Inspire Art Ltd · Kolpak ruling · Tanja Kreil · Marleasing SA v La Comercial Internacional de Alimentacion SA · Metock case · Nordsee case · Palacios de la Villa v Cortefiel Servicios SA · Peter Paul and Others v Bundesrepublik Deutschland · Procureur du Roi v Dassonville · Ralf Sieckmann v Deutsches Patent und Markenamt · Van Duyn v Home Office · Van Gend en Loos · Webster ruling
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| European Union Portal · Law Portal |
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Judiciary and law of the European Union |
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| Judiciary |
Court of Justice of the European Union - European Court of Justice (members) - General Court - Civil Service Tribunal - European lawyer - Relationship with ECHR - Public Prosecutor/civil code |
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| Treaties |
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| Instruments |
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| Procedures |
Ordinary legislative procedure - Consultation procedure - Assent procedure - Commission and Council acting alone - Commission acting alone
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| Principles and terms |
Subsidiarity - Supremacy - Direct applicability - Direct effect - Indirect effect - Incidental effect - Gold-plating - Four freedoms - Host state regulation - Home state regulation - Acquis communautaire (EUR-Lex) - Minimum harmonisation - Maximum harmonisation - Home country control - State liability - Proportionality - Principle of legal certainty - Principle of conferral - Preliminary ruling - European labour law- European Enforcement Order |
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| Regulations |
Council Regulation (EC) No. 1206/2001 - Council Regulation (EC) No. 1348/2000 - Customs Regulation 1383/2003 - Regulation 261/2004 - EU-Eco-regulation - Commission Regulation (EC) No 2257/94 - Customs Regulation 3295/94 - Regulation on roaming charges in the European Union - Brussels Regime - CLP Regulation - Regulation on Community designs - European Company Statute - European Union System for the Evaluation of Substances - Commission Regulation (EC) No 474/2006 - REACH - Rome II Regulation
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| Directives |
Good Clinical Practice Directive - Data Protection Directive - ATEX directive - Battery Directive - Best available technology - Biocidal Products Directive - Birds Directive - Capital Requirements Directive - Clinical Trials Directive - Computer Programs Directive - Conditional Access Directive - Copyright Directive - Copyright Duration Directive (93/98/EEC) - Copyright Term Directive (2006/116/EC) - Cosmetics Directive - Dangerous Substances Directive (67/548/EEC) - Dangerous Preparations Directive - Data Retention Directive - Database Directive - Database right - Directive 2000/43/EC on Anti-discrimination - Directive establishing a general framework for equal treatment in employment and occupation - Directive on Privacy and Electronic Communications - Directive on the Promotion of the use of biofuels and other renewable fuels for transport - Directive on the re-use of public sector information - Directive on Electricity Production from Renewable Energy Sources - End of Life Vehicles Directive - CHP Directive - Directive on the energy performance of buildings - Directive on the enforcement of intellectual property rights - Directive 2004/38/EC on the right to move and reside freely - Environmental liability directive - European SEA Directive 2001/42/EC - European units of measurement directives - Habitats Directive - Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control - Internal Market in Electricity Directive - Landfill Directive - Directive on the legal protection of biotechnological inventions - Directive on the legal protection of designs - Markets in Financial Instruments Directive - Measuring Instruments Directive - Medical Devices Directive - Posted Workers Directive - Pressure Equipment Directive - Rental Directive - Resale Rights Directive - Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive - Satellite and Cable Directive - Directive on services in the internal market - Temporary and Agency Work Directive - Trade Marks Directive - European Directive on Traditional Herbal Medicinal Products - Unfair Commercial Practices Directive - Universal Service Directive - Urban Waste Water Directive - Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive - Waste Incineration Directive - Waste framework directive - Water Framework Directive - Working Time Directive
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| Cases |
ECJ Rulings (Caselex): Allonby v Accrington and Rossendale College - Apostolides v Orams - Bosman - Cassis de Dijon - Chacon Navas v Eurest Colectividades SA - Chen - Ciaran Tobin - Coleman v Attridge Law - Costa v ENEL - Factortame - Francovich - Kamer van Koophandel en Fabrieken voor Amsterdam v Inspire Art Ltd - Kolpak - Microsoft v Commission - Marleasing SA v La Comercial Internacional de Alimentacion SA - Metock - Nordsee - Palacios de la Villa v Cortefiel Servicios SA - Peter Paul and Others v Bundesrepublik Deutschland - Procureur du Roi v Dassonville - Ralf Sieckmann v Deutsches Patent und Markenamt - Tanja Kreil - Van Duyn v Home Office - Van Gend en Loos - Webster
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| Fraud |
Court of Auditors - European Anti-fraud Office - Accountability in the European Union
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